2015, 2016) and oxytocin levels to specific behaviors (Crockford, Wittig et al. Event sampling: Relating urinary cortisol (Wittig, Crockford et al.Oxytocin and glucocorticoid levels in urine and feces: Hormone analysis from non-invasive samples (Crockford, Wittig et al.

We use non-invasive methods to investigate hormone patterns and have developed methods to relate urinary hormone levels to specific interactions: Multimodal experiments: combining object presentations with playback stimuli to manipulate the social environment (Crockford, Wittig et al.Object presentation: presenting snake models (Crockford, Wittig et al.2007), and also with drumming simulations (Wittig, Crockford et al. 2007), with one and two speakers (Crockford, Wittig, et al. 2015) and violation of expectation paradigms (Crockford, Wittig et al. Playback experiments: simulating group member communication (e.g.We are using field experiments to probe the animal mind (Zuberbühler & Wittig 2011) and established a wide range of experimental techniques with chimpanzees:

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